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How to Keep Your Property Secure in Bankruptcy

Does Liquidation Bankruptcy Mean I Lose Everything?

You worked hard to get what you own. You don’t want to lose any of it. You’ve read that Chapter 7 is a liquidation bankruptcy. Sounds like you will lose everything, doesn’t it? You want to keep property in bankruptcy!

Relax. You will keep property in bankruptcy. Exemption laws protect most everything we own. And, Ohio’s exemption laws have recently been improved, so more of what you own is protected.

Keep Your Property Secure in Bankruptcy

Exaggerations About Loss of Property in Bankruptcy

It is a long-standing myth that you lose your home or car in bankruptcy. Like many myths, this one has its origin in fact. Long ago, when I first started to practice bankruptcy law, you could only protect $1,000 worth of a car. Now you can protect $4,000. We formerly could only protect $5,000 equity in our home. Now it’s over $132,000!

So, if someone tells you, “I lost property in bankruptcy,” it may be that they filed for bankruptcy a long time ago. But times and exemptions have changed. Most people will keep property in bankruptcy if they plan their exemptions properly.

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Keep Your Home and Car Secure and Safe in Bankruptcy

Our most important “big ticket” items are our cars and home. Most of the time, we don’t own these “free and clear,” but rather, we are still paying for them.

The “equity” we have in our property is protected by exemptions. Ohio has recently improved its exemptions, so Ohioans will normally keep property in bankruptcy.

If you have been a resident of Ohio for the 2.5 years prior to filing Chapter 7 or Chapter 13 bankruptcy, you will likely claim Ohio’s exemptions.

But, if you were a resident of another state during the 2.5 years prior to filing, you might have to use the exemption laws of another state or even the Federal exemptions. Either way, you should be able to keep property in bankruptcy.

I file hundreds of consumer bankruptcy cases each year in Dayton and Southern Ohio. Very rarely do we see any reason not to keep property in bankruptcy. Keeping your cars and home is the norm when filing Chapter 7 or 13.

There is no limit, in bankruptcy law, on the number of cars or vehicles you may own and keep. The law is concerned with the amount of equity you have, and the name on the title, if a car, or the deed, if a house.

What Would Cause You to Not Keep Property in Bankruptcy?

If exemption laws protect your equity in most cases, how is it that some people end up losing property in bankruptcy? In many cases, this happens if you cannot claim an exemption.

You can lose your exemptions for many reasons:

  • fraud
  • lying under oath
  • hiding assets, etc.

So, for example, if you try to hide an asset and are later found out, you might not be allowed to claim an exemption in that property, even if you could have used an exemption if you had disclosed it.

You might not be able to claim an exemption in your house, for example, if it is not in your name. Sometimes people put their homes in a trust. When they do this, the trust owns the house, and they own the trust. This destroys the ability to claim the exemption. A person could lose their house if they have done this and filed for bankruptcy.

Another problem involving home ownership is when a parent transfers the deed to the home to children, in advance of death. The children then want to file for bankruptcy, but they “legally” own the parents’ house. It is not their residence, so they cannot apply the residence exemption to it. If they file bankruptcy, the house could be lost to the bankruptcy court.

There are other examples, but family transfers account for the majority of common problems that result in loss of property in bankruptcy.

If you are considering bankruptcy, don’t transfer anything out of your name. Don’t allow any property to be put into your name.

Check first with an experienced, certified bankruptcy specialist. I regularly see people do things that PREVENT them from filing bankruptcy. Or, at the very least, do not permit them to keep property in bankruptcy.

The things they do are legal,but they have unexpected consequences in bankruptcy.

Ask first, before taking any action, if you are even remotely thinking about bankruptcy. A free consultation could be worth many thousands of dollars.

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